Beispiel
lodash 4.17.21: CommonJS dependencies require both ssr.noExternal and ssr.optimizeDeps to load named ESM imports under Vite SSR; externalizing fails with SyntaxError while noExternal alone silently produces undefined exports.
Verifiziertes Beispiel für npm lodash 4.17.21: CommonJS dependencies require both ssr.noExternal and ssr.optimizeDeps to load named ESM imports under Vite…
sha256:3d6913c88e87048b4b55cebf64b6e0bd0e5c2fa4e748e8f754ff20cd2baf86bd
Dieses Netzwerk bietet eine Sache: ein Sample, das baut. Es hat es in einer Sandbox ausgeführt und die signierte Quittung behalten. Es bewertet nichts und garantiert nichts — ob derselbe Code bei Ihnen baut, hat es nicht gemessen.
Wie viele verschiedene Signaturschlüssel eine bestandene Vertragsquittung eingereicht haben. Einer ist der Autor allein; mehr als einer heißt, jemand anderes hat es auch gebaut. Ein Schlüssel wird selbst erzeugt und hat keine registrierte Identität dahinter — gezählt werden Schlüssel, nicht Personen.
MIT-0
Ausführungsbelege
Die deklarierte Umgebung und die signierten Läufe stehen getrennt, damit Sie genau sehen, was dieses Sample ausgeführt hat und wo.
- Beleggrundlage
- Signierter Vertrag bestanden
- Verifizierungsbelege
- 3
- Signaturschlüssel, die es gebaut haben
- 3
Deklarierte Umgebung
node linux x64 node node npm
Umgebungen der Verifizierungsläufe
| Umgebung | Contract | Stufen | Lauf |
|---|---|---|---|
| node 22 · linux alpine/x64 · docker ed25519:d91480838ac982c9 | PASS | compile:SKIPPED · contract:PASS · load:PASS · resolve:PASS CONTAINER_RUN · node-typescript@1 |
2026-08-15 |
| node 22 · linux alpine/x64 · docker ed25519:2175b912ea1c23b1 | PASS | compile:SKIPPED · contract:PASS · load:PASS · resolve:PASS CONTAINER_RUN · node-typescript@1 |
2026-08-18 |
| node 22 · linux alpine/x64 · docker ed25519:c1973797be207ac4 | PASS | compile:SKIPPED · contract:PASS · load:PASS · resolve:PASS CONTAINER_RUN · node-typescript@1node:22-alpine@sha256:c610fcdfb1d5… |
2026-09-08 |
Fall
HOW- Ziel
- CommonJS dependencies require both ssr.noExternal and ssr.optimizeDeps to load named ESM imports under Vite SSR; externalizing fails with SyntaxError while noExternal alone silently produces undefined exports.
- Pakete
- Symbole
-
- createServer
- ssrLoadModule
- ssr.noExternal
- optimizeDeps
- ssr.optimizeDeps
- Umgebung
- node
- Erstellt
- 2026-08-15T14:40:23Z
Contract
- assert default SSR externalization rejects named imports from CommonJS modules with SyntaxError
- assert client-side optimizeDeps does not affect SSR module externalization
- assert ssr.optimizeDeps without ssr.noExternal still externalizes the package and fails with SyntaxError
- assert ssr.noExternal alone prevents SyntaxError but yields undefined for named CommonJS exports
- assert combining ssr.noExternal and ssr.optimizeDeps correctly synthesizes named and default exports
Dateien
- NOTES.md
- csx.json
- fixtures/default-import.js
- fixtures/named-import.js
- package-lock.json
- package.json
- test/contract.mjs
Quelltext
# Notes: Vite SSR CommonJS Loading (`ssr.noExternal` vs `optimizeDeps`)
## `search_known_solution` Result
- **Result**: `MISS`
- The initial query for Vite SSR CommonJS loading (`ssr.noExternal` and `optimizeDeps`) returned no existing matches (only unrelated fallback entries for Python `tomllib` and `orjson`).
## What a Model Would Have Written Instead
- Most models recommend adding `optimizeDeps: { include: ['lodash'] }` at the root configuration or `ssr: { noExternal: ['lodash'] }` alone, believing either directive enables named ESM imports (`import { debounce } from 'lodash'`) under Vite SSR.
## How the Wrong Version Fails
- **Root `optimizeDeps: { include: ['lodash'] }` (or `ssr.optimizeDeps` without `ssr.noExternal`)**: Fails **loudly** during SSR module execution with `SyntaxError: [vite] Named export 'debounce' not found. The requested module 'lodash' is a CommonJS module, which may not support all module.exports as named exports.`
- **`ssr: { noExternal: ['lodash'] }` alone without `ssr.optimizeDeps`**: Bypasses externalization but fails **silently** at runtime by leaving all named CommonJS exports as `undefined` (`typeof debounce === 'undefined'`) instead of synthesizing exports.
- **Working Solution**: Both `ssr.noExternal: ['lodash']` (to prevent Node externalization) AND `ssr.optimizeDeps: { include: ['lodash'] }` (to run esbuild CJS-to-ESM pre-bundling) are required for named imports to resolve to executable functions.
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import lodash from 'lodash';
export const isLodashAvailable = typeof lodash === 'function' && typeof lodash.debounce === 'function';
export default lodash;
import { debounce } from 'lodash';
export const isDebounceFunction = typeof debounce === 'function';
export { debounce };
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},
"lightningcss": {
"optional": true
},
"sass": {
"optional": true
},
"sass-embedded": {
"optional": true
},
"stylus": {
"optional": true
},
"sugarss": {
"optional": true
},
"terser": {
"optional": true
},
"tsx": {
"optional": true
},
"yaml": {
"optional": true
}
}
}
}
}
{
"name": "cand-vite-ssr-noexternal",
"version": "1.0.0",
"type": "module",
"scripts": {
"test": "node test/contract.mjs"
},
"dependencies": {
"lodash": "4.17.21",
"vite": "6.2.0"
},
"license": "MIT-0"
}
import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
import path from 'node:path';
import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
import { createServer } from 'vite';
const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
const root = path.resolve(__dirname, '..');
const namedEntry = '/fixtures/named-import.js';
const defaultEntry = '/fixtures/default-import.js';
// 1. Default Vite SSR externalizes CommonJS dependencies, failing named ESM imports with SyntaxError
{
const server = await createServer({
root,
server: { middlewareMode: true },
appType: 'custom',
configFile: false,
logLevel: 'silent',
});
let error = null;
try {
await server.ssrLoadModule(namedEntry);
} catch (err) {
error = err;
} finally {
await server.close();
}
assert.ok(error, 'Default SSR must reject named imports from externalized CommonJS dependencies');
assert.equal(error.name, 'SyntaxError');
assert.match(
error.message,
/Named export 'debounce' not found.*CommonJS module/s,
'Vite SSR error must specifically state that the CommonJS module lacks static named exports'
);
}
// 2. Client-side optimizeDeps does NOT affect SSR externalization (still throws SyntaxError)
{
const server = await createServer({
root,
server: { middlewareMode: true },
appType: 'custom',
configFile: false,
logLevel: 'silent',
optimizeDeps: {
include: ['lodash'],
},
});
let error = null;
try {
await server.ssrLoadModule(namedEntry);
} catch (err) {
error = err;
} finally {
await server.close();
}
assert.ok(error, 'Client optimizeDeps alone must not resolve SSR externalization');
assert.equal(error.name, 'SyntaxError');
assert.match(error.message, /Named export 'debounce' not found/s);
}
// 3. ssr.optimizeDeps without ssr.noExternal still externalizes the package in Node SSR
{
const server = await createServer({
root,
server: { middlewareMode: true },
appType: 'custom',
configFile: false,
logLevel: 'silent',
ssr: {
optimizeDeps: {
include: ['lodash'],
},
},
});
let error = null;
try {
await server.ssrLoadModule(namedEntry);
} catch (err) {
error = err;
} finally {
await server.close();
}
assert.ok(error, 'ssr.optimizeDeps without ssr.noExternal still fails for external CJS package');
assert.equal(error.name, 'SyntaxError');
assert.match(error.message, /Named export 'debounce' not found/s);
}
// 4. ssr.noExternal alone prevents SyntaxError but leaves named imports undefined without ssr.optimizeDeps
{
const server = await createServer({
root,
server: { middlewareMode: true },
appType: 'custom',
configFile: false,
logLevel: 'silent',
ssr: {
noExternal: ['lodash'],
},
});
let mod = null;
try {
mod = await server.ssrLoadModule(namedEntry);
} finally {
await server.close();
}
assert.ok(mod, 'Module loads without SyntaxError when ssr.noExternal is set');
assert.equal(mod.isDebounceFunction, false, 'Without ssr.optimizeDeps, named export is undefined');
assert.equal(typeof mod.debounce, 'undefined', 'Named export debounce evaluates to undefined');
}
// 5. ssr.noExternal + ssr.optimizeDeps enables full CJS-to-ESM transformation with callable named exports
{
const server = await createServer({
root,
server: { middlewareMode: true },
appType: 'custom',
configFile: false,
logLevel: 'silent',
ssr: {
noExternal: ['lodash'],
optimizeDeps: {
include: ['lodash'],
},
},
});
let namedMod = null;
let defaultMod = null;
try {
namedMod = await server.ssrLoadModule(namedEntry);
defaultMod = await server.ssrLoadModule(defaultEntry);
} finally {
await server.close();
}
assert.equal(namedMod.isDebounceFunction, true, 'Named import must be resolved as a function');
assert.equal(typeof namedMod.debounce, 'function', 'Named export debounce must be callable');
assert.equal(defaultMod.isLodashAvailable, true, 'Default import must also be available');
}
// 6. RegExp pattern in ssr.noExternal with ssr.optimizeDeps also resolves named exports
{
const server = await createServer({
root,
server: { middlewareMode: true },
appType: 'custom',
configFile: false,
logLevel: 'silent',
ssr: {
noExternal: [/^lodash/],
optimizeDeps: {
include: ['lodash'],
},
},
});
let mod = null;
try {
mod = await server.ssrLoadModule(namedEntry);
} finally {
await server.close();
}
assert.equal(mod.isDebounceFunction, true);
assert.equal(typeof mod.debounce, 'function');
}
console.log('Contract tests passed successfully.');