CodeSampleX

Exemplo

express 5.1.0: Enable express trust proxy to resolve client IP, HTTPS protocol, and forwarded host behind reverse proxies without silently ignoring X-Forwarded headers

Amostra verificada para npm express 5.1.0: Enable express trust proxy to resolve client IP, HTTPS protocol, and forwarded host behind reverse proxies without…

sha256:91407f3e83bfceb9b5d36d67130853425cc7c6e45d5ac8532a6043cae432b0a7

Esta rede oferece uma coisa: uma amostra que compila. Ela a executou em um sandbox e guardou o recibo assinado. Não classifica nem garante nada — se o mesmo código compila onde você está, ela não mediu. Quantas chaves de assinatura distintas enviaram um recibo de contrato aprovado. Uma é só o autor; mais de uma significa que outra pessoa também o compilou. Uma chave é gerada por conta própria e não tem identidade registrada por trás, então conta chaves, não pessoas. MIT-0

Evidência de execução

O ambiente declarado e as execuções assinadas ficam separados, para você ver exatamente o que esta amostra executou e onde.

Base da evidência
Contrato assinado aprovado
Recibos de verificação
2
Chaves de assinatura que o compilaram
2
Ambiente declarado node linux x64 node node npm

Ambientes das execuções de verificação

Ambiente Contrato Etapas Execução
node 22 · linux alpine/x64 · docker ed25519:d91480838ac982c9 PASS compile:SKIPPED · contract:PASS · load:PASS · resolve:PASS
CONTAINER_RUN · node-typescript@1		 2026-08-16
node 22 · linux alpine/x64 · docker ed25519:2175b912ea1c23b1 PASS compile:SKIPPED · contract:PASS · load:PASS · resolve:PASS
CONTAINER_RUN · node-typescript@1		 2026-08-18

Caso

HOW
Objetivo
Enable express trust proxy to resolve client IP, HTTPS protocol, and forwarded host behind reverse proxies without silently ignoring X-Forwarded headers
Pacotes
Símbolos
  • express
  • app.set
  • req.ip
  • req.ips
  • req.protocol
  • req.secure
  • req.hostname
Ambiente
node
Criado
2026-08-16T06:30:14Z

Contrato

  1. start express app without trust proxy and verify req.ip ignores X-Forwarded-For
  2. start express app with trust proxy loopback and verify req.ip extracts client IP
  3. verify req.ips contains upstream client IP chain
  4. verify req.protocol evaluates to https from X-Forwarded-Proto
  5. verify req.secure evaluates to true when proxied over https
  6. verify req.hostname extracts domain from X-Forwarded-Host
  7. start express app with subnet trust proxy and verify multi-hop X-Forwarded-For chain extraction

Arquivos

  • NOTES.md
  • csx.json
  • package-lock.json
  • package.json
  • src/app.mjs
  • test/contract.mjs

Baixar o artefato de código-fonte (tar.gz)

Código-fonte

NOTES.md
# Express Trust Proxy Configuration Trap

## Search Result
`search_known_solution` returned COMPATIBLE with sample `sha256:fef19e502d34212b044f0048abc258baddff16539b9ac82966414809394923c8` ("Serve a JSON POST route with express and its built-in body parser"). We author a contract covering a different trap: Express's `trust proxy` setting (`app.set('trust proxy', ...)`).

## What a naive model would have written
A naive model assumes `req.ip`, `req.protocol`, `req.secure`, and `req.hostname` automatically extract values from upstream `X-Forwarded-*` headers without configuring `app.set('trust proxy', 'loopback')` (or explicit hop counts / subnets).

## How the wrong version fails
Silently with a green build in local testing (where direct loopback HTTP requests mask the problem), but in production behind reverse proxies (Nginx, AWS ALB, Cloudflare), all clients are grouped under the single proxy IP causing global rate-limit lockouts, SSL redirect middleware enters infinite redirect loops because `req.protocol` is permanently `'http'`, and secure session cookies are stripped or omitted.
csx.json
{"case":{"caseId":"case:sha256:6ce4139ac2db1dd5e1d245a333df7dd84718feb67ff105ecf4a2b623bc92bfce","contract":["start express app without trust proxy and verify req.ip ignores X-Forwarded-For","start express app with trust proxy loopback and verify req.ip extracts client IP","verify req.ips contains upstream client IP chain","verify req.protocol evaluates to https from X-Forwarded-Proto","verify req.secure evaluates to true when proxied over https","verify req.hostname extracts domain from X-Forwarded-Host","start express app with subnet trust proxy and verify multi-hop X-Forwarded-For chain extraction"],"goal":"Enable express trust proxy to resolve client IP, HTTPS protocol, and forwarded host behind reverse proxies without silently ignoring X-Forwarded headers","kind":"HOW","packages":["pkg:npm/express@5.1.0"],"schemaVersion":1,"symbols":["express","app.set","req.ip","req.ips","req.protocol","req.secure","req.hostname"]},"contractCommand":["node","test/contract.mjs"],"environment":{"arch":"x64","ecosystem":"npm","executionContext":"node","language":"node","os":"linux","packageManager":"npm","runtime":"node","schemaVersion":1},"license":"MIT-0","packages":["pkg:npm/express@5.1.0"],"schemaVersion":1,"symbols":["express","app.set","req.ip","req.ips","req.protocol","req.secure","req.hostname"],"verifierAdapter":"node-typescript@1"}
package-lock.json
{
  "name": "csx-sample-express-trust-proxy",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "lockfileVersion": 3,
  "requires": true,
  "packages": {
    "": {
      "name": "csx-sample-express-trust-proxy",
      "version": "1.0.0",
      "license": "MIT-0",
      "dependencies": {
        "express": "5.1.0"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/accepts": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/accepts/-/accepts-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-5cvg6CtKwfgdmVqY1WIiXKc3Q1bkRqGLi+2W/6ao+6Y7gu/RCwRuAhGEzh5B4KlszSuTLgZYuqFqo5bImjNKng==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "mime-types": "^3.0.0",
        "negotiator": "^1.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/body-parser": {
      "version": "2.3.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/body-parser/-/body-parser-2.3.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-2cGmJupaNgg+QUwVLAucDuWuoMZ6EX9iHDRswZ5lsNYEmwPaRknMPCLZz07yTzVq/83p4o/wzbDZbBrTvGGTIw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "bytes": "^3.1.2",
        "content-type": "^2.0.0",
        "debug": "^4.4.3",
        "http-errors": "^2.0.1",
        "iconv-lite": "^0.7.2",
        "on-finished": "^2.4.1",
        "qs": "^6.15.2",
        "raw-body": "^3.0.2",
        "type-is": "^2.1.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/body-parser/node_modules/content-type": {
      "version": "2.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/content-type/-/content-type-2.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-mj7UPXE0jaqaOsukNZRUEfEi2AcL7C/vwmwcHV0O97eO1E1pxBZuyjlZrx5seTaNBg1U6+o35wpa35Qfcc+7ag==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/bytes": {
      "version": "3.1.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bytes/-/bytes-3.1.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-/Nf7TyzTx6S3yRJObOAV7956r8cr2+Oj8AC5dt8wSP3BQAoeX58NoHyCU8P8zGkNXStjTSi6fzO6F0pBdcYbEg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/call-bind-apply-helpers": {
      "version": "1.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/call-bind-apply-helpers/-/call-bind-apply-helpers-1.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Sp1ablJ0ivDkSzjcaJdxEunN5/XvksFJ2sMBFfq6x0ryhQV/2b/KwFe21cMpmHtPOSij8K99/wSfoEuTObmuMQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "function-bind": "^1.1.2"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/call-bound": {
      "version": "1.0.4",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/call-bound/-/call-bound-1.0.4.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-+ys997U96po4Kx/ABpBCqhA9EuxJaQWDQg7295H4hBphv3IZg0boBKuwYpt4YXp6MZ5AmZQnU/tyMTlRpaSejg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "call-bind-apply-helpers": "^1.0.2",
        "get-intrinsic": "^1.3.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/content-disposition": {
      "version": "1.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/content-disposition/-/content-disposition-1.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-5jRCH9Z/+DRP7rkvY83B+yGIGX96OYdJmzngqnw2SBSxqCFPd0w2km3s5iawpGX8krnwSGmF0FW5Nhr0Hfai3g==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/content-type": {
      "version": "1.0.5",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/content-type/-/content-type-1.0.5.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-nTjqfcBFEipKdXCv4YDQWCfmcLZKm81ldF0pAopTvyrFGVbcR6P/VAAd5G7N+0tTr8QqiU0tFadD6FK4NtJwOA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/cookie": {
      "version": "0.7.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/-/cookie-0.7.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-yki5XnKuf750l50uGTllt6kKILY4nQ1eNIQatoXEByZ5dWgnKqbnqmTrBE5B4N7lrMJKQ2ytWMiTO2o0v6Ew/w==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/cookie-signature": {
      "version": "1.2.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/-/cookie-signature-1.2.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-D76uU73ulSXrD1UXF4KE2TMxVVwhsnCgfAyTg9k8P6KGZjlXKrOLe4dJQKI3Bxi5wjesZoFXJWElNWBjPZMbhg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.6.0"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/debug": {
      "version": "4.4.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-4.4.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-RGwwWnwQvkVfavKVt22FGLw+xYSdzARwm0ru6DhTVA3umU5hZc28V3kO4stgYryrTlLpuvgI9GiijltAjNbcqA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "ms": "^2.1.3"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.0"
      },
      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
        "supports-color": {
          "optional": true
        }
      }
    },
    "node_modules/depd": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/depd/-/depd-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-g7nH6P6dyDioJogAAGprGpCtVImJhpPk/roCzdb3fIh61/s/nPsfR6onyMwkCAR/OlC3yBC0lESvUoQEAssIrw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/dunder-proto": {
      "version": "1.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/dunder-proto/-/dunder-proto-1.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-KIN/nDJBQRcXw0MLVhZE9iQHmG68qAVIBg9CqmUYjmQIhgij9U5MFvrqkUL5FbtyyzZuOeOt0zdeRe4UY7ct+A==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "call-bind-apply-helpers": "^1.0.1",
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "gopd": "^1.2.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/ee-first": {
      "version": "1.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ee-first/-/ee-first-1.1.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-WMwm9LhRUo+WUaRN+vRuETqG89IgZphVSNkdFgeb6sS/E4OrDIN7t48CAewSHXc6C8lefD8KKfr5vY61brQlow==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/encodeurl": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/encodeurl/-/encodeurl-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Q0n9HRi4m6JuGIV1eFlmvJB7ZEVxu93IrMyiMsGC0lrMJMWzRgx6WGquyfQgZVb31vhGgXnfmPNNXmxnOkRBrg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/es-define-property": {
      "version": "1.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/es-define-property/-/es-define-property-1.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-e3nRfgfUZ4rNGL232gUgX06QNyyez04KdjFrF+LTRoOXmrOgFKDg4BCdsjW8EnT69eqdYGmRpJwiPVYNrCaW3g==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/es-errors": {
      "version": "1.3.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/es-errors/-/es-errors-1.3.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Zf5H2Kxt2xjTvbJvP2ZWLEICxA6j+hAmMzIlypy4xcBg1vKVnx89Wy0GbS+kf5cwCVFFzdCFh2XSCFNULS6csw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/es-object-atoms": {
      "version": "1.1.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/es-object-atoms/-/es-object-atoms-1.1.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-HWcBoN6NileqtSydK2FqHbS/LoDd2pqrnQHLyJzBj4kOp/ky2MWMN694xOfkK8/SnUsW2DH7EfyVlydKCsm1Zw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/escape-html": {
      "version": "1.0.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/escape-html/-/escape-html-1.0.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-NiSupZ4OeuGwr68lGIeym/ksIZMJodUGOSCZ/FSnTxcrekbvqrgdUxlJOMpijaKZVjAJrWrGs/6Jy8OMuyj9ow==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/etag": {
      "version": "1.8.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/etag/-/etag-1.8.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-aIL5Fx7mawVa300al2BnEE4iNvo1qETxLrPI/o05L7z6go7fCw1J6EQmbK4FmJ2AS7kgVF/KEZWufBfdClMcPg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/express": {
      "version": "5.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/express/-/express-5.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-DT9ck5YIRU+8GYzzU5kT3eHGA5iL+1Zd0EutOmTE9Dtk+Tvuzd23VBU+ec7HPNSTxXYO55gPV/hq4pSBJDjFpA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "accepts": "^2.0.0",
        "body-parser": "^2.2.0",
        "content-disposition": "^1.0.0",
        "content-type": "^1.0.5",
        "cookie": "^0.7.1",
        "cookie-signature": "^1.2.1",
        "debug": "^4.4.0",
        "encodeurl": "^2.0.0",
        "escape-html": "^1.0.3",
        "etag": "^1.8.1",
        "finalhandler": "^2.1.0",
        "fresh": "^2.0.0",
        "http-errors": "^2.0.0",
        "merge-descriptors": "^2.0.0",
        "mime-types": "^3.0.0",
        "on-finished": "^2.4.1",
        "once": "^1.4.0",
        "parseurl": "^1.3.3",
        "proxy-addr": "^2.0.7",
        "qs": "^6.14.0",
        "range-parser": "^1.2.1",
        "router": "^2.2.0",
        "send": "^1.1.0",
        "serve-static": "^2.2.0",
        "statuses": "^2.0.1",
        "type-is": "^2.0.1",
        "vary": "^1.1.2"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/finalhandler": {
      "version": "2.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/finalhandler/-/finalhandler-2.1.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-S8KoZgRZN+a5rNwqTxlZZePjT/4cnm0ROV70LedRHZ0p8u9fRID0hJUZQpkKLzro8LfmC8sx23bY6tVNxv8pQA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "debug": "^4.4.0",
        "encodeurl": "^2.0.0",
        "escape-html": "^1.0.3",
        "on-finished": "^2.4.1",
        "parseurl": "^1.3.3",
        "statuses": "^2.0.1"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18.0.0"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/forwarded": {
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/forwarded/-/forwarded-0.2.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-buRG0fpBtRHSTCOASe6hD258tEubFoRLb4ZNA6NxMVHNw2gOcwHo9wyablzMzOA5z9xA9L1KNjk/Nt6MT9aYow==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/fresh": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/-/fresh-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Rx/WycZ60HOaqLKAi6cHRKKI7zxWbJ31MhntmtwMoaTeF7XFH9hhBp8vITaMidfljRQ6eYWCKkaTK+ykVJHP2A==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/function-bind": {
      "version": "1.1.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/function-bind/-/function-bind-1.1.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-7XHNxH7qX9xG5mIwxkhumTox/MIRNcOgDrxWsMt2pAr23WHp6MrRlN7FBSFpCpr+oVO0F744iUgR82nJMfG2SA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/get-intrinsic": {
      "version": "1.3.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/get-intrinsic/-/get-intrinsic-1.3.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-9fSjSaos/fRIVIp+xSJlE6lfwhES7LNtKaCBIamHsjr2na1BiABJPo0mOjjz8GJDURarmCPGqaiVg5mfjb98CQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "call-bind-apply-helpers": "^1.0.2",
        "es-define-property": "^1.0.1",
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "es-object-atoms": "^1.1.1",
        "function-bind": "^1.1.2",
        "get-proto": "^1.0.1",
        "gopd": "^1.2.0",
        "has-symbols": "^1.1.0",
        "hasown": "^2.0.2",
        "math-intrinsics": "^1.1.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/get-proto": {
      "version": "1.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/get-proto/-/get-proto-1.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-sTSfBjoXBp89JvIKIefqw7U2CCebsc74kiY6awiGogKtoSGbgjYE/G/+l9sF3MWFPNc9IcoOC4ODfKHfxFmp0g==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "dunder-proto": "^1.0.1",
        "es-object-atoms": "^1.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/gopd": {
      "version": "1.2.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/gopd/-/gopd-1.2.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-ZUKRh6/kUFoAiTAtTYPZJ3hw9wNxx+BIBOijnlG9PnrJsCcSjs1wyyD6vJpaYtgnzDrKYRSqf3OO6Rfa93xsRg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/has-symbols": {
      "version": "1.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/has-symbols/-/has-symbols-1.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-1cDNdwJ2Jaohmb3sg4OmKaMBwuC48sYni5HUw2DvsC8LjGTLK9h+eb1X6RyuOHe4hT0ULCW68iomhjUoKUqlPQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/hasown": {
      "version": "2.0.4",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/hasown/-/hasown-2.0.4.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-T2UbfbBEF32wiepXIsMlTW9+dDYC6wMh/t/vYA4tuOMKqWz/n3vr1NFSxQiyP+zk2mXsoMA/i/7qV6LKut1t1A==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "function-bind": "^1.1.2"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/http-errors": {
      "version": "2.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/http-errors/-/http-errors-2.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-4FbRdAX+bSdmo4AUFuS0WNiPz8NgFt+r8ThgNWmlrjQjt1Q7ZR9+zTlce2859x4KSXrwIsaeTqDoKQmtP8pLmQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "depd": "~2.0.0",
        "inherits": "~2.0.4",
        "setprototypeof": "~1.2.0",
        "statuses": "~2.0.2",
        "toidentifier": "~1.0.1"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/iconv-lite": {
      "version": "0.7.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/iconv-lite/-/iconv-lite-0.7.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-IKXpvIzjnC9XTAUbVBcMfGS0EPaIXtW6v+zr+RRp+hqULEpo0owZax6wyRwPOJbWbzjYspQwusTsfVr0ifh4uQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "safer-buffer": ">= 2.1.2 < 3.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=0.10.0"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/inherits": {
      "version": "2.0.4",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/inherits/-/inherits-2.0.4.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-k/vGaX4/Yla3WzyMCvTQOXYeIHvqOKtnqBduzTHpzpQZzAskKMhZ2K+EnBiSM9zGSoIFeMpXKxa4dYeZIQqewQ==",
      "license": "ISC"
    },
    "node_modules/ipaddr.js": {
      "version": "1.9.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ipaddr.js/-/ipaddr.js-1.9.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-0KI/607xoxSToH7GjN1FfSbLoU0+btTicjsQSWQlh/hZykN8KpmMf7uYwPW3R+akZ6R/w18ZlXSHBYXiYUPO3g==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.10"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/is-promise": {
      "version": "4.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-promise/-/is-promise-4.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-hvpoI6korhJMnej285dSg6nu1+e6uxs7zG3BYAm5byqDsgJNWwxzM6z6iZiAgQR4TJ30JmBTOwqZUw3WlyH3AQ==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/math-intrinsics": {
      "version": "1.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/math-intrinsics/-/math-intrinsics-1.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-/IXtbwEk5HTPyEwyKX6hGkYXxM9nbj64B+ilVJnC/R6B0pH5G4V3b0pVbL7DBj4tkhBAppbQUlf6F6Xl9LHu1g==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/media-typer": {
      "version": "1.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/media-typer/-/media-typer-1.1.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-yz3xRaG20c6/BOzvYoDaGtPmGscs7YivItZEEqe6GbwNfHuxu9YNmvnEkMzKldAGY4/80pRcQRZSEnhquk9XuQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/merge-descriptors": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/merge-descriptors/-/merge-descriptors-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Snk314V5ayFLhp3fkUREub6WtjBfPdCPY1Ln8/8munuLuiYhsABgBVWsozAG+MWMbVEvcdcpbi9R7ww22l9Q3g==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/mime-db": {
      "version": "1.54.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/mime-db/-/mime-db-1.54.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-aU5EJuIN2WDemCcAp2vFBfp/m4EAhWJnUNSSw0ixs7/kXbd6Pg64EmwJkNdFhB8aWt1sH2CTXrLxo/iAGV3oPQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/mime-types": {
      "version": "3.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/mime-types/-/mime-types-3.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Lbgzdk0h4juoQ9fCKXW4by0UJqj+nOOrI9MJ1sSj4nI8aI2eo1qmvQEie4VD1glsS250n15LsWsYtCugiStS5A==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "mime-db": "^1.54.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/ms": {
      "version": "2.1.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ms/-/ms-2.1.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-6FlzubTLZG3J2a/NVCAleEhjzq5oxgHyaCU9yYXvcLsvoVaHJq/s5xXI6/XXP6tz7R9xAOtHnSO/tXtF3WRTlA==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/negotiator": {
      "version": "1.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/negotiator/-/negotiator-1.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-8Ofs/AUQh8MaEcrlq5xOX0CQ9ypTF5dl78mjlMNfOK08fzpgTHQRQPBxcPlEtIw0yRpws+Zo/3r+5WRby7u3Gg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/object-inspect": {
      "version": "1.13.4",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/object-inspect/-/object-inspect-1.13.4.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-W67iLl4J2EXEGTbfeHCffrjDfitvLANg0UlX3wFUUSTx92KXRFegMHUVgSqE+wvhAbi4WqjGg9czysTV2Epbew==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/on-finished": {
      "version": "2.4.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/on-finished/-/on-finished-2.4.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-oVlzkg3ENAhCk2zdv7IJwd/QUD4z2RxRwpkcGY8psCVcCYZNq4wYnVWALHM+brtuJjePWiYF/ClmuDr8Ch5+kg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "ee-first": "1.1.1"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/once": {
      "version": "1.4.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/once/-/once-1.4.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-lNaJgI+2Q5URQBkccEKHTQOPaXdUxnZZElQTZY0MFUAuaEqe1E+Nyvgdz/aIyNi6Z9MzO5dv1H8n58/GELp3+w==",
      "license": "ISC",
      "dependencies": {
        "wrappy": "1"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/parseurl": {
      "version": "1.3.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/parseurl/-/parseurl-1.3.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-CiyeOxFT/JZyN5m0z9PfXw4SCBJ6Sygz1Dpl0wqjlhDEGGBP1GnsUVEL0p63hoG1fcj3fHynXi9NYO4nWOL+qQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/path-to-regexp": {
      "version": "8.4.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-to-regexp/-/path-to-regexp-8.4.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-qRcuIdP69NPm4qbACK+aDogI5CBDMi1jKe0ry5rSQJz8JVLsC7jV8XpiJjGRLLol3N+R5ihGYcrPLTno6pAdBA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/proxy-addr": {
      "version": "2.0.7",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/proxy-addr/-/proxy-addr-2.0.7.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-llQsMLSUDUPT44jdrU/O37qlnifitDP+ZwrmmZcoSKyLKvtZxpyV0n2/bD/N4tBAAZ/gJEdZU7KMraoK1+XYAg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "forwarded": "0.2.0",
        "ipaddr.js": "1.9.1"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.10"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/qs": {
      "version": "6.15.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/qs/-/qs-6.15.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-O9gl3zCl5h5blw1KGUzQKhA5oUXSl8rwUIM5o0S3nCXMliSvy5Dzx7/DJcI+SwgICv+IneSZwhBh1oSyEHA71A==",
      "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
      "dependencies": {
        "es-define-property": "^1.0.1",
        "side-channel": "^1.1.1"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=0.6"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/range-parser": {
      "version": "1.3.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/-/range-parser-1.3.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-hek2mFQpPuI4E1BBKrSto+BU3e3x4xuarsbiwr3+lf7p44juvFMV0XFWQAP3xUyqXA4RrXLIoaSUGbSt056ZMw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.6"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/raw-body": {
      "version": "3.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/raw-body/-/raw-body-3.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-K5zQjDllxWkf7Z5xJdV0/B0WTNqx6vxG70zJE4N0kBs4LovmEYWJzQGxC9bS9RAKu3bgM40lrd5zoLJ12MQ5BA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "bytes": "~3.1.2",
        "http-errors": "~2.0.1",
        "iconv-lite": "~0.7.0",
        "unpipe": "~1.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.10"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/router": {
      "version": "2.2.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/router/-/router-2.2.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-nLTrUKm2UyiL7rlhapu/Zl45FwNgkZGaCpZbIHajDYgwlJCOzLSk+cIPAnsEqV955GjILJnKbdQC1nVPz+gAYQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "debug": "^4.4.0",
        "depd": "^2.0.0",
        "is-promise": "^4.0.0",
        "parseurl": "^1.3.3",
        "path-to-regexp": "^8.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/safer-buffer": {
      "version": "2.1.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/safer-buffer/-/safer-buffer-2.1.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-YZo3K82SD7Riyi0E1EQPojLz7kpepnSQI9IyPbHHg1XXXevb5dJI7tpyN2ADxGcQbHG7vcyRHk0cbwqcQriUtg==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/send": {
      "version": "1.2.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/send/-/send-1.2.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-1gnZf7DFcoIcajTjTwjwuDjzuz4PPcY2StKPlsGAQ1+YH20IRVrBaXSWmdjowTJ6u8Rc01PoYOGHXfP1mYcZNQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "debug": "^4.4.3",
        "encodeurl": "^2.0.0",
        "escape-html": "^1.0.3",
        "etag": "^1.8.1",
        "fresh": "^2.0.0",
        "http-errors": "^2.0.1",
        "mime-types": "^3.0.2",
        "ms": "^2.1.3",
        "on-finished": "^2.4.1",
        "range-parser": "^1.2.1",
        "statuses": "^2.0.2"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/serve-static": {
      "version": "2.2.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/serve-static/-/serve-static-2.2.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-xRXBn0pPqQTVQiC8wyQrKs2MOlX24zQ0POGaj0kultvoOCstBQM5yvOhAVSUwOMjQtTvsPWoNCHfPGwaaQJhTw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "encodeurl": "^2.0.0",
        "escape-html": "^1.0.3",
        "parseurl": "^1.3.3",
        "send": "^1.2.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/setprototypeof": {
      "version": "1.2.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/setprototypeof/-/setprototypeof-1.2.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-E5LDX7Wrp85Kil5bhZv46j8jOeboKq5JMmYM3gVGdGH8xFpPWXUMsNrlODCrkoxMEeNi/XZIwuRvY4XNwYMJpw==",
      "license": "ISC"
    },
    "node_modules/side-channel": {
      "version": "1.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/side-channel/-/side-channel-1.1.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-6x6dK6zJdpTzF4sQeNYxwtvBzf6Eg4GtlesS94HOvTudUeyK2WXAaIfmDgsyslYrRBeFIlsi54AYsFGUuhmvrQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "object-inspect": "^1.13.4",
        "side-channel-list": "^1.0.1",
        "side-channel-map": "^1.0.1",
        "side-channel-weakmap": "^1.0.2"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/side-channel-list": {
      "version": "1.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/side-channel-list/-/side-channel-list-1.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-mjn/0bi/oUURjc5Xl7IaWi/OJJJumuoJFQJfDDyO46+hBWsfaVM65TBHq2eoZBhzl9EchxOijpkbRC8SVBQU0w==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "object-inspect": "^1.13.4"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/side-channel-map": {
      "version": "1.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/side-channel-map/-/side-channel-map-1.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-VCjCNfgMsby3tTdo02nbjtM/ewra6jPHmpThenkTYh8pG9ucZ/1P8So4u4FGBek/BjpOVsDCMoLA/iuBKIFXRA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "call-bound": "^1.0.2",
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "get-intrinsic": "^1.2.5",
        "object-inspect": "^1.13.3"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/side-channel-weakmap": {
      "version": "1.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/side-channel-weakmap/-/side-channel-weakmap-1.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-WPS/HvHQTYnHisLo9McqBHOJk2FkHO/tlpvldyrnem4aeQp4hai3gythswg6p01oSoTl58rcpiFAjF2br2Ak2A==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "call-bound": "^1.0.2",
        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
        "get-intrinsic": "^1.2.5",
        "object-inspect": "^1.13.3",
        "side-channel-map": "^1.0.1"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.4"
      },
      "funding": {
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/statuses": {
      "version": "2.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/statuses/-/statuses-2.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-DvEy55V3DB7uknRo+4iOGT5fP1slR8wQohVdknigZPMpMstaKJQWhwiYBACJE3Ul2pTnATihhBYnRhZQHGBiRw==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/toidentifier": {
      "version": "1.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/toidentifier/-/toidentifier-1.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-o5sSPKEkg/DIQNmH43V0/uerLrpzVedkUh8tGNvaeXpfpuwjKenlSox/2O/BTlZUtEe+JG7s5YhEz608PlAHRA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=0.6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/type-is": {
      "version": "2.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/type-is/-/type-is-2.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-faYHw0anBbc/kWF3zFTEnxSFOAGUX9GFbOBthvDdLsIlEoWOFOtS0zgCiQYwIskL9iGXZL3kAXD8OoZ4GmMATA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "content-type": "^2.0.0",
        "media-typer": "^1.1.0",
        "mime-types": "^3.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/type-is/node_modules/content-type": {
      "version": "2.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/content-type/-/content-type-2.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-mj7UPXE0jaqaOsukNZRUEfEi2AcL7C/vwmwcHV0O97eO1E1pxBZuyjlZrx5seTaNBg1U6+o35wpa35Qfcc+7ag==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=18"
      },
      "funding": {
        "type": "opencollective",
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/unpipe": {
      "version": "1.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/unpipe/-/unpipe-1.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-pjy2bYhSsufwWlKwPc+l3cN7+wuJlK6uz0YdJEOlQDbl6jo/YlPi4mb8agUkVC8BF7V8NuzeyPNqRksA3hztKQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/vary": {
      "version": "1.1.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vary/-/vary-1.1.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-BNGbWLfd0eUPabhkXUVm0j8uuvREyTh5ovRa/dyow/BqAbZJyC+5fU+IzQOzmAKzYqYRAISoRhdQr3eIZ/PXqg==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 0.8"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/wrappy": {
      "version": "1.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrappy/-/wrappy-1.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-l4Sp/DRseor9wL6EvV2+TuQn63dMkPjZ/sp9XkghTEbV9KlPS1xUsZ3u7/IQO4wxtcFB4bgpQPRcR3QCvezPcQ==",
      "license": "ISC"
    }
  }
}
package.json
{
  "name": "csx-sample-express-trust-proxy",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "type": "module",
  "license": "MIT-0",
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "5.1.0"
  }
}
src/app.mjs
import express from 'express';

/**
 * Creates an Express application configured for reverse proxy deployments.
 * By default, Express sets trust proxy = false, which causes req.ip, req.ips,
 * req.protocol, req.secure, and req.hostname to completely ignore all X-Forwarded-* headers.
 * Setting 'trust proxy' (e.g. 'loopback', hop count, or subnet list) enables header evaluation.
 */
export function createApp({ trustProxy = 'loopback' } = {}) {
  const app = express();

  if (trustProxy !== undefined) {
    app.set('trust proxy', trustProxy);
  }

  app.get('/client-info', (req, res) => {
    res.json({
      ip: req.ip,
      ips: req.ips,
      protocol: req.protocol,
      secure: req.secure,
      hostname: req.hostname,
    });
  });

  return app;
}
test/contract.mjs
import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert';
import { createApp } from '../src/app.mjs';

// Helper to start an app on an ephemeral port and return { server, port }
async function startServer(app) {
  const server = await new Promise((resolve) => {
    const s = app.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => resolve(s));
  });
  const { port } = server.address();
  return { server, port };
}

// 1. Untrusted default: without 'trust proxy', Express ignores all X-Forwarded-* headers
{
  const app = createApp({ trustProxy: false });
  const { server, port } = await startServer(app);

  const res = await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${port}/client-info`, {
    headers: {
      'x-forwarded-for': '203.0.113.195',
      'x-forwarded-proto': 'https',
      'x-forwarded-host': 'api.example.com',
      'host': '127.0.0.1',
    },
  });
  const data = await res.json();
  server.close();

  assert.equal(data.ip, '127.0.0.1', 'Untrusted app must ignore X-Forwarded-For and return socket remoteAddress');
  assert.deepEqual(data.ips, [], 'Untrusted app must return empty array for req.ips');
  assert.equal(data.protocol, 'http', 'Untrusted app must ignore X-Forwarded-Proto and return http');
  assert.equal(data.secure, false, 'Untrusted app must report req.secure as false');
  assert.equal(data.hostname, '127.0.0.1', 'Untrusted app must ignore X-Forwarded-Host');
}

// 2. Single-hop reverse proxy: with trust proxy = 'loopback', Express extracts client IP, protocol, and hostname
{
  const app = createApp({ trustProxy: 'loopback' });
  const { server, port } = await startServer(app);

  const res = await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${port}/client-info`, {
    headers: {
      'x-forwarded-for': '203.0.113.195',
      'x-forwarded-proto': 'https',
      'x-forwarded-host': 'api.example.com',
      'host': '127.0.0.1',
    },
  });
  const data = await res.json();
  server.close();

  assert.equal(data.ip, '203.0.113.195', 'Trusted app must extract real client IP from X-Forwarded-For');
  assert.deepEqual(data.ips, ['203.0.113.195'], 'req.ips must contain client IP chain');
  assert.equal(data.protocol, 'https', 'Trusted app must parse X-Forwarded-Proto as https');
  assert.equal(data.secure, true, 'req.secure must evaluate to true for https protocol');
  assert.equal(data.hostname, 'api.example.com', 'Trusted app must parse X-Forwarded-Host');
}

// 3. Multi-hop reverse proxy: trusting loopback + intermediate proxy subnet walks X-Forwarded-For chain
{
  const app = createApp({ trustProxy: ['loopback', '198.51.100.0/24'] });
  const { server, port } = await startServer(app);

  const res = await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${port}/client-info`, {
    headers: {
      'x-forwarded-for': '203.0.113.195, 198.51.100.25',
      'x-forwarded-proto': 'https',
      'x-forwarded-host': 'api.example.com',
      'host': '127.0.0.1',
    },
  });
  const data = await res.json();
  server.close();

  assert.equal(data.ip, '203.0.113.195', 'Multi-hop trusted app must find the first untrusted upstream IP');
  assert.deepEqual(data.ips, ['203.0.113.195', '198.51.100.25'], 'req.ips must list client-to-proxy chain');
  assert.equal(data.protocol, 'https', 'req.protocol must evaluate to https');
  assert.equal(data.secure, true, 'req.secure must evaluate to true');
  assert.equal(data.hostname, 'api.example.com', 'req.hostname must evaluate to api.example.com');
}

console.log('CONTRACT PASS: express trust proxy correctly configures client IP, protocol, and hostname extraction');

Seeder de origem

csx-seed