샘플
@rollup/plugin-commonjs 28.0.2: extensions
검증된 샘플 — npm @rollup/plugin-commonjs 28.0.2: extensions. node 22 · linux debian/x64 · docker에서 contract를 실행해 통과했습니다: By default, @rollup/plugin-commonjs…
sha256:b9f478f9520acb15ea73458b3b7e2544f824fcee8feedec8b53b36c7776bae37
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통과한 계약 영수증을 낸 서로 다른 서명 키의 수입니다. 하나면 작성자 혼자이고, 둘 이상이면 다른 사람도 빌드했다는 뜻입니다. 키는 스스로 만드는 것이고 뒤에 등록된 신원이 없으므로, 세는 것은 사람이 아니라 키입니다.
MIT-0
실행 증거
선언된 환경과 서명된 실행을 분리해 두었습니다. 이 샘플이 무엇을 어디서 실행했는지 그대로 볼 수 있습니다.
- 증거 기준
- 서명된 컨트랙트 통과
- 검증 영수증
- 1
- 빌드한 서명 키
- 1
선언된 환경
node 22.23 linux 24 · ubuntu · glibc 2.39 x64 node 22.23 javascript npm 10
검증 실행 환경
| 환경 | 컨트랙트 | 단계 | 실행일 |
|---|---|---|---|
| node 22 · linux debian/x64 · docker ed25519:c1973797be207ac4 | PASS | compile:SKIPPED · contract:PASS · load:PASS · resolve:PASS CONTAINER_RUN · node-typescript@1node:22@sha256:8a34c4ab3ea2… |
2026-09-03 |
케이스
HOW- 목표
- verify extensions in pkg:npm/@rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2
- 심벌
-
- extensions
- 환경
- node 22.23.2
- 생성일
- 2026-09-03T14:25:40Z
컨트랙트
- By default, @rollup/plugin-commonjs resolves extensionless relative imports using the default extension ['.js'], failing to resolve extensionless imports to custom extensions.
- Configuring extensions with custom extensions allows extensionless relative require calls to resolve to matching files with those extensions.
- The order of extensions specifies resolution precedence when multiple candidate files with identical basenames exist among custom extensions.
- The extensions configuration applies to directory index file resolution when requiring a directory path.
- Files with extensions listed in the extensions option are recognized as candidate CommonJS modules and transpiled to ES module syntax.
- Files with the .cjs extension are recognized as candidate CommonJS modules regardless of whether .cjs is listed in extensions, but resolving extensionless .cjs imports requires .cjs to be explicitly listed in extensions.
파일
- NOTES.md
- PROMPT.md
- csx.json
- package-lock.json
- package.json
- spec.json
- test/contract.mjs
소스
# Notes: Rollup CommonJS Plugin File Extension Resolution with extensions
## Search Result
`search_known_solution` returned `NO_SAFE_MATCH` for `extensions` in `@rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2`. Public samples for version 28.0.2 only covered other symbols such as `ignoreTryCatch`, `dynamicRequireTargets`, `strictRequires`, and `output.interop`. This sample verifies extensionless relative require resolution, directory index resolution, candidate CJS transform eligibility, and resolution precedence via `extensions` in `@rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2`.
## Naive Model Assumption
Developers and models often assume that `@rollup/plugin-commonjs` resolves arbitrary file extensions automatically for extensionless imports, or that custom extension resolution is solely handled by external resolvers without needing plugin configuration. Furthermore, models often assume that non-JavaScript files containing CommonJS exports will still undergo CommonJS parsing and conversion if loaded into Rollup, regardless of whether their extension is registered in `@rollup/plugin-commonjs`.
## Failure Mode
By default, `@rollup/plugin-commonjs` configures `extensions: ['.js']`. Extensionless relative require statements (such as `require('./dep')`) targeting files with custom extensions (e.g., `.custom`, `.ts`, `.coffee`) fail to resolve during bundling with `Could not resolve './dep'`. Even when a module with a custom extension is directly imported, the plugin's `isPossibleCjsId` check verifies whether `extensions.includes(extName)` (or if the extension is `.cjs`). If the custom extension is omitted from `extensions`, the plugin skips the CommonJS transform entirely, leaving CommonJS exports unparsed and causing Rollup to fail with named export missing errors. Configuring `extensions: ['.custom', '.js']` enables both extensionless resolution (including directory index files like `./dir/index.custom`) and CommonJS transformation for the specified extensions. Custom extension order determines precedence when multiple matching candidate files exist.
Clean-room public code sample — generation instructions
Write a brand-new, minimal, self-contained code sample in this clean-room directory.
Do not copy, paraphrase, or reference any existing project source. Work only from this spec.
A csx.json manifest scaffold already exists. Do not recreate it from memory. Preserve its case.goal, packages and symbols; fill its empty case.contract with exact assertions and correct its environment, commands and verifierAdapter for the files you generate.
Goal: verify extensions in pkg:npm/@rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2
Kind: HOW
Use EXACTLY these public packages and versions:
- pkg:npm/%40rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2
Demonstrate these symbols/APIs:
- extensions
Rules:
- One focused purpose; the smallest project that proves the goal.
- Include a contract test (test/contract.*) that runs OFFLINE and exits 0 exactly when the goal behavior works.
- Pin every dependency with a lockfile so resolution is reproducible.
- No secrets, credentials, or tokens. No real URLs (only example.com or localhost). No absolute paths.
- No personal names, emails, company names, or project identifiers of any kind.
- No binaries and no generated output (node_modules, dist, target, venv, .git, .env).
- Keep it under 200 files and 256KB packed.
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"cpu": [
"ia32"
],
"license": "MIT",
"optional": true,
"os": [
"win32"
]
},
"node_modules/@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu": {
"version": "4.62.4",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu/-/rollup-win32-x64-gnu-4.62.4.tgz",
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"cpu": [
"x64"
],
"license": "MIT",
"optional": true,
"os": [
"win32"
]
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"version": "4.62.4",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-msvc/-/rollup-win32-x64-msvc-4.62.4.tgz",
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"cpu": [
"x64"
],
"license": "MIT",
"optional": true,
"os": [
"win32"
]
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"node_modules/@types/estree": {
"version": "1.0.9",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/estree/-/estree-1.0.9.tgz",
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"license": "MIT"
},
"node_modules/commondir": {
"version": "1.0.1",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/commondir/-/commondir-1.0.1.tgz",
"integrity": "sha512-W9pAhw0ja1Edb5GVdIF1mjZw/ASI0AlShXM83UUGe2DVr5TdAPEA1OA8m/g8zWp9x6On7gqufY+FatDbC3MDQg==",
"license": "MIT"
},
"node_modules/estree-walker": {
"version": "2.0.2",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/estree-walker/-/estree-walker-2.0.2.tgz",
"integrity": "sha512-Rfkk/Mp/DL7JVje3u18FxFujQlTNR2q6QfMSMB7AvCBx91NGj/ba3kCfza0f6dVDbw7YlRf/nDrn7pQrCCyQ/w==",
"license": "MIT"
},
"node_modules/fdir": {
"version": "6.5.0",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fdir/-/fdir-6.5.0.tgz",
"integrity": "sha512-tIbYtZbucOs0BRGqPJkshJUYdL+SDH7dVM8gjy+ERp3WAUjLEFJE+02kanyHtwjWOnwrKYBiwAmM0p4kLJAnXg==",
"license": "MIT",
"engines": {
"node": ">=12.0.0"
},
"peerDependencies": {
"picomatch": "^3 || ^4"
},
"peerDependenciesMeta": {
"picomatch": {
"optional": true
}
}
},
"node_modules/fsevents": {
"version": "2.3.3",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fsevents/-/fsevents-2.3.3.tgz",
"integrity": "sha512-5xoDfX+fL7faATnagmWPpbFtwh/R77WmMMqqHGS65C3vvB0YHrgF+B1YmZ3441tMj5n63k0212XNoJwzlhffQw==",
"hasInstallScript": true,
"license": "MIT",
"optional": true,
"os": [
"darwin"
],
"engines": {
"node": "^8.16.0 || ^10.6.0 || >=11.0.0"
}
},
"node_modules/is-reference": {
"version": "1.2.1",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-reference/-/is-reference-1.2.1.tgz",
"integrity": "sha512-U82MsXXiFIrjCK4otLT+o2NA2Cd2g5MLoOVXUZjIOhLurrRxpEXzI8O0KZHr3IjLvlAH1kTPYSuqer5T9ZVBKQ==",
"license": "MIT",
"dependencies": {
"@types/estree": "*"
}
},
"node_modules/magic-string": {
"version": "0.30.21",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/magic-string/-/magic-string-0.30.21.tgz",
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"license": "MIT",
"dependencies": {
"@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.5.5"
}
},
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"version": "4.0.7",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/picomatch/-/picomatch-4.0.7.tgz",
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"license": "MIT",
"engines": {
"node": ">=12"
},
"funding": {
"url": "https://github.com/sponsors/jonschlinkert"
}
},
"node_modules/rollup": {
"version": "4.62.4",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rollup/-/rollup-4.62.4.tgz",
"integrity": "sha512-RXOqwaPsBGjMNMa4sQjDjHieHEZDFoj/Rdr46l2MU5DfEs16wHJPC2RPTPHWhNl+M3aI472LLqFkFKut4SblOg==",
"license": "MIT",
"dependencies": {
"@types/estree": "1.0.9"
},
"bin": {
"rollup": "dist/bin/rollup"
},
"engines": {
"node": ">=18.0.0",
"npm": ">=8.0.0"
},
"optionalDependencies": {
"@napi-rs/lzma-linux-x64-gnu": "1.5.1",
"@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-android-arm64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-musl": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-musl": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-musl": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-musl": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-s390x-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-musl": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-openbsd-x64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-openharmony-arm64": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-win32-arm64-msvc": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-win32-ia32-msvc": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu": "4.62.4",
"@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-msvc": "4.62.4",
"fsevents": "~2.3.2"
}
}
}
}
{
"name": "sample-rollup-plugin-commonjs-extensions",
"version": "1.0.0",
"type": "commonjs",
"description": "Minimal sample verifying extensions option in @rollup/plugin-commonjs",
"dependencies": {
"@rollup/plugin-commonjs": "28.0.2",
"rollup": "4.62.4"
}
}
{
"schemaVersion": 1,
"goal": "verify extensions in pkg:npm/@rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2",
"kind": "HOW",
"packages": [
"pkg:npm/%40rollup/plugin-commonjs@28.0.2"
],
"symbols": [
"extensions"
]
}
import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
import path from 'node:path';
import os from 'node:os';
import fs from 'node:fs';
import { rollup } from 'rollup';
import commonjs from '@rollup/plugin-commonjs';
async function runContract() {
const tmpDir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'csx-rollup-extensions-'));
try {
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Contract 1:
// By default, @rollup/plugin-commonjs resolves extensionless imports using default
// extension ['.js'], resolving './dep' to './dep.js' and failing for custom extensions.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
const entryPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry1.js');
const depJsPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'dep1.js');
const depCustomPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'dep-custom1.custom');
fs.writeFileSync(entryPath, "const dep = require('./dep1'); module.exports = dep;");
fs.writeFileSync(depJsPath, "module.exports = 'from-js';");
fs.writeFileSync(depCustomPath, "module.exports = 'from-custom';");
const bundle = await rollup({
input: entryPath,
plugins: [commonjs()]
});
const { output } = await bundle.generate({ format: 'cjs' });
assert.match(output[0].code, /from-js/);
const failEntryPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry1-fail.js');
fs.writeFileSync(failEntryPath, "const dep = require('./dep-custom1'); module.exports = dep;");
let failed = false;
try {
await rollup({
input: failEntryPath,
onwarn: () => {},
plugins: [commonjs()]
});
} catch (err) {
failed = true;
assert.match(err.message, /Could not resolve/);
}
assert.strictEqual(failed, true, 'Default extensions should fail to resolve extensionless .custom import');
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Contract 2:
// Configuring extensions with custom extensions (e.g. ['.custom', '.js']) allows
// extensionless relative require calls to resolve to matching files with custom extensions.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
const entryPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry2.js');
const depCustomPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'dep2.custom');
fs.writeFileSync(entryPath, "const dep = require('./dep2'); module.exports = dep;");
fs.writeFileSync(depCustomPath, "module.exports = 'resolved-custom';");
const bundle = await rollup({
input: entryPath,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.custom', '.js']
})
]
});
const { output } = await bundle.generate({ format: 'cjs' });
assert.match(output[0].code, /resolved-custom/);
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Contract 3:
// The order of extensions specifies resolution precedence when multiple candidate files
// with identical basenames exist among custom extensions.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
const entryPathA = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry3a.js');
const entryPathB = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry3b.js');
const subDirA = path.join(tmpDir, 'sub3a');
const subDirB = path.join(tmpDir, 'sub3b');
fs.mkdirSync(subDirA, { recursive: true });
fs.mkdirSync(subDirB, { recursive: true });
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(subDirA, 'multi.extA'), "module.exports = 'first-is-extA';");
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(subDirA, 'multi.extB'), "module.exports = 'first-is-extB';");
fs.writeFileSync(entryPathA, "const m = require('./sub3a/multi'); module.exports = m;");
const bundleA = await rollup({
input: entryPathA,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.extA', '.extB', '.js']
})
]
});
const { output: outputA } = await bundleA.generate({ format: 'cjs' });
assert.match(outputA[0].code, /first-is-extA/);
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(subDirB, 'multi.extA'), "module.exports = 'second-is-extA';");
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(subDirB, 'multi.extB'), "module.exports = 'second-is-extB';");
fs.writeFileSync(entryPathB, "const m = require('./sub3b/multi'); module.exports = m;");
const bundleB = await rollup({
input: entryPathB,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.extB', '.extA', '.js']
})
]
});
const { output: outputB } = await bundleB.generate({ format: 'cjs' });
assert.match(outputB[0].code, /second-is-extB/);
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Contract 4:
// The extensions configuration applies to directory index file resolution
// (e.g. resolving index.custom when requiring a directory path).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
const entryPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry4.js');
const dirPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'pkg-dir4');
fs.mkdirSync(dirPath, { recursive: true });
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(dirPath, 'index.custom'), "module.exports = 'resolved-index-custom';");
fs.writeFileSync(entryPath, "const d = require('./pkg-dir4'); module.exports = d;");
const bundle = await rollup({
input: entryPath,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.custom', '.js']
})
]
});
const { output } = await bundle.generate({ format: 'cjs' });
assert.match(output[0].code, /resolved-index-custom/);
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Contract 5:
// Files with extensions listed in the extensions option are recognized as candidate
// CommonJS modules and transpiled to ES module syntax.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
const customModulePath = path.join(tmpDir, 'mod5.custom');
fs.writeFileSync(customModulePath, "exports.val = 42; exports.str = 'hello';");
const entryPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry5.js');
fs.writeFileSync(entryPath, "import { val, str } from './mod5.custom'; export { val, str };");
const bundle = await rollup({
input: entryPath,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.custom', '.js']
})
]
});
const { output } = await bundle.generate({ format: 'es' });
const code = output[0].code;
assert.match(code, /42/);
assert.match(code, /hello/);
let unparsedFailed = false;
try {
await rollup({
input: entryPath,
onwarn: () => {},
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.js']
})
]
});
} catch (err) {
unparsedFailed = true;
assert.match(err.message, /is not exported/);
}
assert.strictEqual(unparsedFailed, true, 'Module with extension not in extensions is not transformed as CJS');
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Contract 6:
// Files with the .cjs extension are recognized as candidate CommonJS modules regardless
// of whether .cjs is listed in extensions, but resolving extensionless .cjs imports
// requires .cjs to be explicitly listed in extensions.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
const cjsPath = path.join(tmpDir, 'mod6.cjs');
fs.writeFileSync(cjsPath, "exports.meaning = 100;");
const entryExplicitCjs = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry6a.js');
fs.writeFileSync(entryExplicitCjs, "import { meaning } from './mod6.cjs'; export { meaning };");
const bundleExplicit = await rollup({
input: entryExplicitCjs,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.js']
})
]
});
const { output: outputExplicit } = await bundleExplicit.generate({ format: 'es' });
assert.match(outputExplicit[0].code, /100/);
const entryExtensionless = path.join(tmpDir, 'entry6b.js');
fs.writeFileSync(entryExtensionless, "const m = require('./mod6'); module.exports = m;");
let resolveFailed = false;
try {
await rollup({
input: entryExtensionless,
onwarn: () => {},
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.js']
})
]
});
} catch (err) {
resolveFailed = true;
assert.match(err.message, /Could not resolve/);
}
assert.strictEqual(resolveFailed, true, 'Extensionless .cjs import fails when .cjs not in extensions');
const bundleWithCjsExt = await rollup({
input: entryExtensionless,
plugins: [
commonjs({
extensions: ['.js', '.cjs']
})
]
});
const { output: outputWithCjsExt } = await bundleWithCjsExt.generate({ format: 'cjs' });
assert.match(outputWithCjsExt[0].code, /100/);
}
console.log('All extensions contract assertions passed successfully.');
} finally {
fs.rmSync(tmpDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
}
}
runContract().catch((err) => {
console.error('Contract failed:', err);
process.exit(1);
});
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